What Nicaragua's Dual Nationality Ban Means for Expats

Nicaragua ended dual nationality. That's not a rumor or a proposal, it's the law now and it has real consequences for anyone with ties to the country.

Law No. 1268, published in La Gaceta on January 16, 2026, rewrote two articles of Nicaragua's constitution. Article 25 now states that Nicaraguan nationality is automatically lost upon acquiring another citizenship, Article 23 requires foreigners seeking naturalization to renounce their original passport first. The government frames this as demanding "exclusive loyalty," not just updating paperwork and honestly, that framing tells you a lot about the intent behind it.

Who Gets Hit

The people most affected are Nicaraguans living abroad who've already naturalized elsewhere or who are considering it. If you acquired foreign citizenship after January 16, 2026, you've lost your Nicaraguan nationality, which means no Nicaraguan passport, no voting rights and potentially complicated property claims back home. That's a serious hit, not a technicality.

The reform, turns out, isn't retroactive, so existing dual nationals aren't automatically stripped of status. But enforcement details remain murky and given the Ortega government's track record of targeting critics and exiles, that "safety" feels thin.

Central Americans residing in Nicaragua are exempt from the renunciation requirement for naturalization. Everyone else isn't.

Digital nomads and tourists on short-stay visas aren't affected for day-to-day visits, but anyone eyeing a long-term residency or naturalization path now faces a much harder choice.

What to Do

• If you're a Nicaraguan national considering foreign citizenship, get legal advice before you act, the consequences are permanent and immediate.
• If you're a foreign national pursuing Nicaraguan naturalization, you'll need to formally renounce your original citizenship through the relevant authorities.
• If you're a dual national who acquired status before January 16, 2026, document everything, your status isn't automatically revoked, but you'll want proof.
• Short-stay visitors and nomads on tourist visas don't need to change anything right now.

Opposition groups and international observers have flagged statelessness risks under the 1961 Convention, frankly, those concerns aren't unfounded. The U.S. Embassy flagged the reform on January 30, 2026, worth checking their alerts if you have American ties.

Read our full Nicaragua guide for the complete picture on visas, residency and the latest nomad news.